Operations Plunder and Varsity

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In the Mississippi summer of 1964, known as Freedom Summer, civil rights activists intended to register black voters where taxes and tests stymied their rights. After the bodies of student activists were found murdered by the KKK, public outcry eventually led to the passage of civil and voting rights acts.

The house of Medici was a powerhouse family of generational wealth in Europe, including bankers, popes, queens, and kings.

When Adolf Hitler set his sights on winning the Battle of Stalingrad, he proclaimed all male residents would be killed and women deported, prompting Joseph Stalin to order civilians to take up arms in defense of his namesake city. Historians argue that the Battle of Stalingrad was a significant turning point towards allied victory in WWII.

As the US expanded west, the debate over slavery in new territories led to the Compromise of 1850, leaving many states and citizens divided — particularly over the fugitive slave act.

On July 2nd, 1776, the Continental Congress voted in favor of Independence from Great Britain and formally adopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4th. Celebrations would ensue and the firework tradition was established on the first anniversary.

Blaming foreign oppressors in the west as the cause of famine, floods and poverty, the Boxer Rebellion was a secret movement to attack foreigners and Christian converts during China’s Qing Dynasty in 1899.

Beginning in the 1890s, two rival Chinese gangs known as tongs fought in an ongoing bloodfest in New York’s Chinatown, vying for control of the opium trade, illegal gambling and prostitution.