Valhalla is a hall in Norse mythology where the souls of brave warriors who died in battle were taken by the god Odin to live afterlife.

During the last ice age (120,000-11,700 years ago), early humans migrated and adapted to changing environments. They developed new tools and technologies to survive, laying the foundations for human civilizations. The ice age ended with a warming trend.

The Carolingian Renaissance brought an explosive rise in literature, arts, architecture, jurisprudence and efficient management, production, and a surplus economy during the early Middle Ages.

Established in 1624, New Amsterdam and New Netherland was a Dutch colony in North America, which lasted until 1664 when the British seized and reincorporated the land as New York City.

In 1835, a fictional writer Dr. Andrew Grant published in the New York Sun newspaper about having seen life on the moon through a new high-power telescope in South Africa. The popularity and global phenomena of the six articles would be known as the Great Moon Hoax of 1835.

On March 11th, 2011, Japan was hit with a trifecta of tragedy including the Tōhoku earthquake, subsequent Tsunami and nuclear reactor meltdown of Fukushima. The loss of life, property, and GDP made 3.11 one of the worst events in Japanese history.

After the Cold War, the USSR was in a period of economic stagnation and reform towards free market capitalism which led to the loss of their baltic state territories and ultimately the collapse of the Soviet Union.