Operations Plunder and Varsity

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The Glorious Revolution, caused by King James II’s abuse of power, forced his peers to plead with William of Orange to invade England and remove the king. James fled to France after witnessing mutiny and would become the last absolute monarch with the signing of the English Bill of Rights, which shifted the country to a constitutional monarchy.

Leonardo da Vinci was a celebrated painter and polymath during the Italian Renaissance. He conceptualized many useful—and some fanciful—inventions and created masterworks like The Last Supper, Mona Lisa and the Vitruvian Man.

Islam is the second-largest religion in the world today, with a belief in the oneness of God, who is all-powerful and all-knowing. In this episode, the filmmakers cover the holy book, the Quran, the five pillars of faith, Ramadan, Mecca and more.

Pancho Villa was a Mexican fugitive turned revolutionary and politician, elected Governor of Chihuahua in 1913. After a failed coup attempt and angered by U.S. support for his opponent, Pancho Villa raided Columbus, New Mexico.

The Rosewood Massacre occurred after allegations that a black man had assaulted a white woman, resulting in KKK members and other white haters taking violent and murderous action against black citizens of Rosewood, Florida.

Ulysses S. Grant was a West Point graduate, Civil War hero, two-term U.S. President, prosecutor of racial injustice and proponent of meritocracy in civil service.

The Neolithic Revolution during the last period of the New Stone Age between 9,000 and 2,000 BCE saw developments in agriculture, domestication, social structure and defensive necessity.