While the Incas first ground peanuts into paste, John Harvey Kellogg was the modern inventor of peanut butter, filing for a patent in 1895. Innovations in processing led to the average American consuming 1,500 PB&J sandwiches before high school graduation.

Third-largest and arguably the oldest world religion, hinduism embraces a main deity known as the Brahman, as well as practicing Karma, Dharma, and more.

The hundred years war fought between France and England during the 116-year period 1337 to 1453 did not end with formal treaty, but the acknowledgement of superiority.

Human life and civilization thrived for more than 6,000 years in the fertile crescent known as Mesopotamia, Greek for between two rivers. Agriculture, irrigation, livestock, the wheel, and alcohol are all believed to originate from Mesopotamia.

First coined after the Battles of Lexington and Concord, which kicked off the Revolutionary War, “Shot Heard Round the World” was later used after the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

In a South Pole expedition, Ernest Shackleton captained the HMS Endurance until it was trapped in the ice, causing her crew to survive for 20 months in Antarctica.

At its height of power, the Ottoman Empire controlled much of Southeastern Europe, Western Asia and North Africa, between the 14th and early 20th centuries.